As winter takes hold across the UK, hospitals face unprecedented strain from a surge in flu cases and other respiratory illnesses. Several hospitals have declared critical incidents, many of which are in our region. But why are we seeing such pressures on the NHS this winter, and what can the public do to help alleviate the burden?
Flu and respiratory cases soar
The number of flu-related hospital admissions in the UK is significantly higher this year compared to recent winters. In some areas, hospital admission rates for flu have doubled or tripled compared to previous years. This surge follows two years of relatively mild flu seasons during the COVID-19 pandemic, likely due to social distancing and widespread mask use, which curtailed the spread of respiratory viruses.
The UKHSA has reported that flu is now circulating at high levels, alongside an increase in other respiratory viruses such as RSV and COVID-19, as well as rising cases of norovirus. Many hospitals are operating at or near full capacity, with some Trusts having to declare critical incidents, meaning they are struggling to provide essential services safely.
Which hospitals in Liverpool have declared critical incidents?
In Liverpool, several hospitals – including Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Aintree University Hospital, and Whiston Hospital – have declared critical incidents due to the overwhelming demand for services. NHS Cheshire & Merseyside has highlighted the significant pressures on emergency departments, with a sharp rise in patients requiring care for respiratory illnesses. Hospital leaders have urged the public to use alternative services, such as NHS 111, GPs and walk-in centres, wherever possible to help alleviate the burden on A&E departments.
Why is the NHS facing such intense pressure?
There are several reasons why the NHS is experiencing severe strain:
- Backlog of non-flu cases: The pandemic created a significant backlog of elective procedures and routine care, leading to higher patient demand this winter.
- Flu vaccination hesitancy: Flu vaccination rates have been slightly lower in some groups this year, leaving more people vulnerable to severe illness. Almost 3 million adults in the UK aged 65 or older did not receive a flu vaccination at the end of 2024.
- Increased winter demand: Cold weather exacerbates chronic conditions such as asthma, COPD, and heart disease, contributing to higher emergency admissions.
What can the public do to ease the pressure?
While it is essential to seek care when needed, there are steps the public can take to ensure emergency departments remain accessible for those who truly need them:
- Contact your GP: If your symptoms are manageable but require medical advice, your GP is the best starting point.
- Call NHS 111: For urgent but non-life-threatening conditions, NHS 111 can provide guidance and direct you to the appropriate service. You can also visit NHS 111 online.
- Visit a walk-in centre or pharmacy: For minor injuries or illnesses, walk-in centres and pharmacies are excellent alternatives to A&E.
- Get vaccinated: Ensure you’re up to date with flu and COVID-19 vaccinations to reduce your risk of severe illness.
- Practice good hygiene: Regular handwashing, wearing a mask in crowded areas, and staying home when unwell can help reduce the spread of infections.
When to visit A&E vs. other options
Here is a quick guide to help you determine the best place to seek care:
Reasons to visit A&E:
- Severe chest pain or difficulty breathing.
- Sudden weakness, numbness, or slurred speech (possible stroke).
- Heavy bleeding that won’t stop.
- Serious injuries, such as fractures or head trauma.
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis).
- Loss of consciousness.
- Severe burns.
Reasons to visit a walk-in centre or call your GP:
- Minor cuts and wounds.
- Mild to moderate fever, cold, or flu symptoms.
- Rashes or mild allergic reactions.
- Earaches, sore throats, or sinus infections.
- Minor burns or sprains.
- Persistent but non-severe pain or discomfort.
Looking ahead
Despite needing system improvements, the immediate focus remains on managing the current crisis. By using NHS services responsibly and taking preventive measures, the public can play a crucial role in easing the strain and ensuring that emergency care is available for those who need it most.
